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UHV, energy storage, energy Internet, how will these three technologies affect the development of the photovoltaic industry?

Release time:

2018-09-03 08:22

According to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Solar Energy Development" issued by the National Energy Administration, by 2020, my country's photovoltaic power generation electricity price level needs to be reduced by more than 50% on the basis of 2015, and the goal of grid parity is achieved on the electricity side. According to the plan, it is now only more than two years before photovoltaic power generation is connected to the Internet at a low price. And the closer the time to the affordable Internet access, the closer the time to directly participate in the fierce competition in the power market.

Although the photovoltaic industry has experienced decades of development, compared with traditional power industries such as thermal power, photovoltaic power generation is only a rookie. After the affordable access to the Internet, the photovoltaic power generation that gets rid of the state subsidy will face a real life and death challenge. As a rookie in the power market, photovoltaic power generation must strengthen its competitiveness if it wants to take the initiative in the power market. So in the future, what technologies will affect the development of photovoltaic power generation?

UHV

In recent years, China's photovoltaic industry once fell into the strange circle of "abandoning while building", and the problem of abandoning light and limiting power has always been one of the main problems perplexing the development of photovoltaic industry. In order to prevent the continuous deterioration of the problem of abandoning light and limiting electricity, the state, while strengthening the consumption of photovoltaic power through policy dividends, has made measures to suspend the arrangement of new photovoltaic power generation scale in provinces with abandoning light rate exceeding 5%, so as to control the excessive construction of photovoltaic power stations.

These efforts achieved preliminary results in 2016. According to data released by the National Energy Administration, in the first half of 2017, the national photovoltaic power generation capacity was 51.8 billion kWh, and the abandoned photovoltaic capacity was 3.7 billion kWh. The abandonment rate decreased by 4.5 year-on-year. Among them, the abandonment of photovoltaic power in Xinjiang and Gansu, which are more serious, decreased by 6% and 10% year-on-year respectively. This is the first time in the past three years that the light abandonment rate has declined. But the price paid is that the installed capacity of centralized photovoltaic power plants decreased by 8% in the first half of 2017 compared with the same period last year, which is probably the first year-on-year decline in the installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants in many years. The development of UHV technology may once again activate the development of centralized photovoltaic power plants in the northwest.

The main reason for the large-scale abandonment of light and power limitation in northwest China is that there is no relevant power grid technology to send the surplus electricity out under the condition that the local cannot be consumed. It is understood that more than 70% of China's electricity consumption is concentrated in the central and eastern regions, but the central and eastern regions lack solar energy resources and land conditions for the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power stations; while the northwest region is sparsely populated and has sufficient solar energy resources, which is very suitable for the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power stations, but the local area cannot accommodate these photovoltaic power. If the construction of UHV power transmission channel in China is perfect, the surplus electricity in the northwest region can be transmitted to the central and eastern regions, thus solving the problem of photovoltaic power generation.

It is understood that the UHV power grid has obvious advantages over the existing power grid. The UHV power grid has larger transmission capacity and better transmission capacity, and the UHV power grid has lower network loss and engineering cost. China's UHV technology is in the leading position in the world, and the practice has fully proved the technical feasibility, operation safety, engineering economy and environmental friendliness of UHV.

energy storage

Based on the characteristics that photovoltaic power plants can only generate electricity during the day and cannot generate electricity at night and will be affected by the weather, photovoltaic power generation has certain intermittency and randomness. It is impossible to generate electricity at night when electricity demand is peak, which is the biggest defect of photovoltaic power generation. The existence of this defect not only makes users unable to supply power through photovoltaic power plants at night, but also threatens the safety and reliability of power supply when photovoltaic power is connected to the power grid because of its instability, which greatly affects the promotion and long-term development of photovoltaic power generation.

If a photovoltaic power station can generate electricity during the day and store the surplus electricity, it will not be powered off at night. If there is a complete energy storage technology, photovoltaic power generation will overcome the problem of intermittent power generation and provide electricity throughout the day. In addition, the energy storage system can be used for fast response frequency modulation services, which can effectively avoid the shortcomings of solar power generation, such as discontinuity and uncertainty, and enhance the peaking capacity of the power grid. In this way, the importance of energy storage technology for photovoltaic power generation is self-evident.

Currently, it is limited by technical limitations. The "photovoltaic energy storage" mode is still difficult to ensure the continuous power supply of photovoltaic power plants when they are off the grid. However, energy storage technology has developed rapidly in recent years. In March 2017, the National Energy Administration issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Energy Storage Technology and Industry (Draft for Comment)", which gave strong policy support to energy storage technology. In addition, after years of testing, the world's first scenic storage and transmission demonstration project of State Grid has been able to steadily and smoothly eliminate clean energy.

The development of energy storage technology in foreign developed countries has reached the stage of industrialization. For example, Germany has spawned an emerging household energy storage market under continuous subsidies. In March this year, Tesla built the world's largest solar energy storage facility in Hawaii, which covers an area of nearly 50 acres and is close to the local Kapaia power station, including 55000 independent solar panels and 272 Tesla Powerpack 2 lithium ion batteries. The power generation reaches 13 megawatts, equivalent to 19,438 megakilowatt-hours per year, which can power more than 60000 residents of the island 24 hours a day.

At present, many domestic photovoltaic companies have begun to lay out the energy storage industry. In the future, with the development of energy storage technology and the improvement of power grid technology, the development model of "photovoltaic energy storage" will inevitably shine in China.

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Energy Internet

Global Energy Internet is a strong smart grid with UHV power grid as the backbone network and global interconnection. It is the basic platform for large-scale development, configuration and utilization of clean energy in the world, which can be simply summarized as "UHV grid smart grid clean energy". The Internet energy is mainly in the energy development, with big data, cloud computing and data mining and other emerging technologies to achieve system optimization, resource optimization, efficient operation of the purpose. Integrated energy services are mainly energy services that integrate value-added services such as energy conservation services or energy efficiency services.

For photovoltaic power generation, the energy Internet can carry out in-depth development of the information system of photovoltaic power generation. By collecting the design and operation data of the photovoltaic power generation system, and integrating with weather and geographic data to form big data, load forecasting, power generation forecasting and operation control can be carried out on this basis to open up and optimize the operation efficiency of energy production and consumption.

In addition, the architecture of the global energy Internet will have a positive impact on the consumption of photovoltaic power generation. In the future, photovoltaic power will not only be able to achieve long-distance transmission, but also be able to achieve local consumption to the greatest extent under the intelligent operation of energy interconnection.

In summary, UHV, energy storage, and energy Internet will have a great impact on the future development of photovoltaic power generation. Among them, the development of UHV will play a positive role in the consumption of photovoltaic power generation, or can once again activate the development of centralized photovoltaic power plants in China. The development of energy storage technology will make up for the inherent defects of photovoltaic power generation, so that photovoltaic power generation can be separated from the grid and provide users with electricity throughout the day, and energy storage related technologies can also eliminate the harm of photovoltaic power generation into the grid. The development of the energy Internet will be able to combine photovoltaic power generation with all other energy sources, and then coordinate operations in various aspects such as consumption, data analysis, grid access, etc., to maximize the use of new energy sources such as photovoltaics.

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